Baby Food Allergy Guide

This guide provides general information about food allergies during weaning. If you suspect an allergy, always consult your pediatrician.

1. What is a Food Allergy?

A food allergy is an immune system overreaction to certain foods. Because babies' immune systems are still developing, they may be more susceptible to allergic reactions than adults.

However, not every reaction is an allergy. It could be a rejection of new flavors, digestive issues, or temporary skin irritation. Observe symptoms carefully and consult a professional.

2. Common Allergenic Foods

These are the most common foods that can cause allergic reactions in babies.

• Eggs - Especially the whites contain allergenic proteins
• Cow's milk - Milk protein allergy (different from lactose intolerance)
• Wheat - Gluten-related reactions
• Peanuts/Tree nuts - Can cause severe reactions
• Soy - Found in tofu, soy milk, etc.
• Shellfish/Crustaceans - Shrimp, crab, clams, etc.
• Fish - Especially oily fish
• Sesame - Now recognized as a major allergen

3. Recognizing Allergy Symptoms

Allergic reactions typically appear within minutes to hours after eating.

Mild Symptoms

• Hives or red rash around mouth or face
• Itching
• Upset stomach, vomiting, diarrhea
• Runny nose, sneezing

Severe Symptoms (Seek Emergency Care)

• Swelling of lips, tongue, or throat
• Difficulty breathing, wheezing
• Severe vomiting or diarrhea
• Loss of consciousness or limpness
• Widespread hives covering the body

If you see severe symptoms, call 911 immediately or go to the emergency room. Anaphylaxis can be life-threatening.

4. Safe Introduction of New Foods

When trying potentially allergenic foods for the first time, follow these guidelines.

1. One food at a time: Introduce only one new food per day. This helps identify which food caused any reaction.
2. Start with tiny amounts: Begin with less than a teaspoon.
3. During daytime: Try new foods when doctor's offices are open. It's harder to respond to reactions at night.
4. Wait 3-5 days: Before trying the same allergenic food again, wait a few days to observe any delayed reactions.
5. When baby is healthy: Avoid introducing new foods when baby has a cold or is not feeling well.

5. High-Risk Babies

The following factors may increase allergy risk.

• Parents or siblings with allergic conditions (eczema, asthma, allergies, food allergies)
• Baby already has eczema
• Previous allergic reaction to other foods

For high-risk babies, consult a pediatric allergist first before introducing allergenic foods. Allergy testing may be recommended.

6. Current Research: Early Introduction is Better?

Previously, delaying allergenic foods was recommended, but recent research suggests early introduction (around 4-6 months) of diverse foods may actually help prevent allergies.

The LEAP study showed that introducing peanuts early to high-risk babies significantly reduced peanut allergy development.

However, this should be done under medical supervision. Don't rely solely on internet information - consult your pediatrician or allergist before making decisions.

7. Common Misconceptions

Myth 1: Skin Reaction = Allergy

Redness around the mouth after eating tomatoes or citrus fruits could be irritation from acidic foods, not an allergy. True allergies should be confirmed by symptom patterns and testing.

Myth 2: Allergies Last Forever

Many children outgrow allergies to eggs, milk, wheat, and soy. However, allergies to peanuts, tree nuts, and seafood tend to persist.

Myth 3: Any Amount is Dangerous

Allergy severity varies widely between individuals. Some children react severely to tiny amounts, while others need larger quantities to show symptoms. An allergist can help determine your child's specific threshold.

8. Management and Response

• If diagnosed with allergies: Completely avoid that food and carefully check ingredient labels on packaged foods.
• Inform caregivers: Share your baby's allergy information with daycare providers or babysitters, along with emergency contacts.
• Regular follow-up: Have regular check-ups with your pediatrician to monitor allergy status and retest if needed.
• Emergency medication: For severe allergies, get a prescription for antihistamines or an epinephrine auto-injector and always carry it.

9. Conclusion

Allergies can feel scary, but with proper knowledge and preparation, they can be safely managed. When introducing new foods, stay calm, follow the guidelines, and seek professional help if you notice any reactions.

This page does not replace professional medical advice. For specific concerns about allergies, always consult your pediatrician or an allergist.