Newborn Vaccination Schedule
Your newborn needs several vaccinations in the first year of life. This guide covers the CDC recommended immunization schedule and what to expect.
1. Why Vaccinate Your Newborn?
Vaccines protect your baby from serious, potentially life-threatening diseases. Newborns have immature immune systems, making them especially vulnerable to infections.
The CDC immunization schedule is designed to provide protection at the earliest safe age. Most vaccines are covered by insurance with no out-of-pocket cost.
* Some vaccines like Rotavirus may have varying coverage depending on your insurance plan.
2. Birth to 12 Months Vaccination Schedule
| Age | Vaccine | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| At Birth | Hepatitis B (1st dose) | Given before hospital discharge |
| 1-2 Months | Hepatitis B (2nd dose) | At least 4 weeks after 1st dose |
| 2 Months |
DTaP (1st dose) IPV/Polio (1st dose) Hib (1st dose) PCV13/Pneumococcal (1st dose) Rotavirus (1st dose) | Rotavirus is oral |
| 4 Months |
DTaP (2nd dose) IPV/Polio (2nd dose) Hib (2nd dose) PCV13/Pneumococcal (2nd dose) Rotavirus (2nd dose) | Same vaccines as 2 months |
| 6 Months |
Hepatitis B (3rd dose) DTaP (3rd dose) IPV/Polio (3rd dose) Hib (3rd dose)* PCV13/Pneumococcal (3rd dose) Rotavirus (3rd dose)* Influenza (annual) |
*Depends on brand Flu vaccine: every year starting at 6 months |
| 12 Months |
MMR (1st dose) Varicella/Chickenpox (1st dose) Hib (4th dose) PCV13/Pneumococcal (4th dose) Hepatitis A (1st dose) | HepA 2nd dose: 6 months later |
3. What Each Vaccine Protects Against
Hepatitis B (HepB)
Protects against hepatitis B virus, which causes liver infection. Given at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months (3 doses total). If mother is HepB positive, baby also receives HBIG at birth.
DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
A combination vaccine protecting against three serious diseases: diphtheria (throat infection), tetanus (lockjaw), and pertussis (whooping cough). Given at 2, 4, 6, and 15-18 months, with a booster at 4-6 years.
IPV (Polio)
Protects against polio, which can cause paralysis. The injectable form (IPV) is now standard in the US.
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b)
Prevents bacterial meningitis, pneumonia, and other serious infections. Not the same as the flu (influenza)—different disease entirely.
PCV13 (Pneumococcal)
Protects against pneumococcal bacteria, which causes pneumonia, meningitis, and ear infections in young children.
Rotavirus (RV)
Prevents severe diarrhea and vomiting from rotavirus. This is an oral vaccine (drops), not an injection. Given at 2, 4, and sometimes 6 months depending on brand.
MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
Combination vaccine protecting against three viral diseases. First dose at 12-15 months, second dose at 4-6 years.
Varicella (Chickenpox)
Prevents chickenpox and reduces risk of shingles later in life. First dose at 12-15 months, second dose at 4-6 years.
Influenza (Flu)
Annual flu vaccine recommended for everyone 6 months and older. Babies getting it for the first time need 2 doses, 4 weeks apart.
4. Before and After Vaccination
Before the Appointment
- Postpone if your baby has a fever or is very sick
- Tell your doctor about any previous vaccine reactions
- Bring your baby's immunization record
- Dress baby in loose clothing for easy access
After Vaccination
- Wait 15-20 minutes at the clinic to monitor for reactions
- Don't rub or massage the injection site
- Skip bath time on vaccination day
- Mild fever, fussiness, and injection site swelling are normal
When to Call the Doctor
- Fever over 104°F (40°C) that persists
- Seizures or convulsions
- Inconsolable crying for more than 3 hours
- Severe swelling or pus at injection site
- Difficulty breathing, hives, or signs of allergic reaction
5. Frequently Asked Questions
Q. What if we missed a vaccination date?
It's okay if you're a little behind schedule. You don't need to start over— just continue with the remaining doses. Your pediatrician can help adjust the schedule.
Q. Can my baby get multiple vaccines at once?
Yes, getting multiple vaccines at the same visit is safe and effective. It reduces the number of office visits and protects your baby sooner.
Q. Can I give fever medicine after vaccines?
Yes, you can give acetaminophen (Tylenol) if your baby has a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher. However, don't give it preventively before vaccinations.
Q. Can my baby get vaccinated with a mild cold?
Mild symptoms like a runny nose or slight cough are usually fine. However, if your baby has a fever or is very unwell, it's best to reschedule.
6. Helpful Resources
- CDC Immunization Schedule: cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules - Official vaccination schedule and catch-up guidelines
- Vaccines.gov: vaccines.gov - Find vaccines near you
- AAP HealthyChildren: healthychildren.org - Immunization information from pediatricians
* This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace professional medical advice. Please consult your pediatrician for specific questions about your baby's vaccination schedule.