Postpartum Depression Guide
Feeling down after giving birth is very common. You're not alone, and help is available.
You are not alone
Many new mothers experience postpartum mood changes.
Don't blame yourself, and seek professional help if needed.
Baby Blues vs. Postpartum Depression
| Baby Blues | Postpartum Depression | |
|---|---|---|
| Frequency | 80% of new mothers | 10-15% of new mothers |
| Onset | 3-5 days after birth | 2-4 weeks after birth |
| Duration | Resolves within 2 weeks | Lasts more than 2 weeks |
| Symptoms | Temporary tears, anxiety | Persistent depression, hopelessness |
| Treatment | Rest and support helps | Professional treatment needed |
Postpartum Depression Symptoms
Emotional Symptoms
- Persistent sadness, emptiness
- Crying easily
- Decreased interest in baby
- Feeling unable to care for baby
- Guilt, self-blame
- Feeling worthless
- Severe anxiety, restlessness
Physical Symptoms
- Insomnia or sleeping too much
- Appetite changes (decrease or increase)
- Extreme fatigue
- Headaches, body aches
- Difficulty concentrating
Behavioral Symptoms
- Avoiding baby care
- Not wanting to see people
- No interest in daily activities
- Difficulty making decisions
When to Seek Immediate Help
- Thoughts of self-harm or suicide
- Thoughts of harming baby
- Feeling disconnected from reality
- Hallucinations
988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: Call or text 988 (24/7)
Postpartum Support International: 1-800-944-4773
Causes
- Hormonal changes: Rapid hormone drop after birth
- Sleep deprivation: Chronic fatigue accumulation
- Role transition: Adjusting to new parent role
- Isolation: Social disconnection
- Physical changes: Body recovering from birth
- History: Previous depression, family history
Self-Check Questionnaire
In the past 2 weeks, have you experienced:
- Feeling depressed or empty almost every day
- No interest or pleasure in daily activities
- Trouble falling asleep or sleeping too much
- Feeling tired and having no energy
- Significant changes in appetite
- Feeling worthless
- Difficulty concentrating
- Feeling like you can't take care of your baby properly
If 3 or more apply and persist for 2+ weeks, consider seeking professional help.
Recovery Strategies
In Daily Life
- Ask for help: Share childcare with family, friends
- Get enough sleep: Sleep when baby sleeps
- Get outside: Even brief fresh air helps
- Alone time: Even 10 minutes for yourself
- Express feelings: Journal, talk to someone
- Let go of perfectionism: "Good enough" mom is the best mom
Professional Help
- Therapy: Counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
- Medication: Antidepressants if needed (breastfeeding-safe options exist)
- Support groups: Sharing experiences with others
Where to Get Help
- 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline: Call or text 988 (24/7)
- Postpartum Support International: 1-800-944-4773
- SAMHSA National Helpline: 1-800-662-4357
- Your OB/GYN or midwife: Screening and referrals
- Mental health professionals: Psychiatrists, psychologists, therapists
How Family Can Help
- Don't dismiss symptoms
- Instead of "cheer up" or "everyone goes through this," just listen
- Actively share childcare and housework
- Give mom time to herself
- Encourage professional help and accompany to appointments
- Keep checking in consistently
Paternal Postpartum Depression
Fathers can also experience postpartum depression (about 10%). Role changes, sleep deprivation, and relationship changes are contributing factors. Dads should also seek help if needed.
Sources: American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP),
Postpartum Support International, National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)